What does Single-Phase AC Charging mean?

Explanation

Single-phase is the most basic form of AC power and what most home outlets provide. When you charge your EV from a standard household outlet or a basic wallbox, you are almost always on single-phase power. In Europe, this means 230 volts on one phase, delivering 3.7 kW (at 16 amps) or 7.4 kW (at 32 amps).

Single-phase charging is slow compared to three-phase or DC fast charging, but it is perfectly adequate for overnight charging at home. A 7.4 kW single-phase wallbox adds about 40-45 km of range per hour, so an overnight charge of 8-10 hours adds 300-450 km of range. For most daily commuters, this is more than enough.

Some EVs only support single-phase AC charging even when plugged into a three-phase charger. This is determined by the car's onboard charger, not the charger you plug into. Check your car's specifications for the AC charging rating. If it says 7.4 kW, your car has a single-phase onboard charger.

Based on data from U.S. Department of Energy AFDC.

Where you'll see this

• On the charger screen
• On your car dashboard
• In vehicle specifications

Common confusion

People often think they need three-phase power at home for an EV. While three-phase is faster, single-phase is perfectly fine for overnight charging and covers the needs of most drivers.

Example

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