What does LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate) mean?

Explanation

LFP stands for Lithium Iron Phosphate, a battery chemistry increasingly used in EVs, particularly in standard-range models. The key advantage of LFP batteries is durability: they tolerate being charged to 100% regularly without significant degradation. This means you do not need to worry about setting a charge limit at 80% for daily use.

LFP batteries are also safer and cheaper to produce than NMC batteries, which is why manufacturers use them in more affordable models. The trade-off is lower energy density, meaning an LFP battery of the same weight stores slightly less energy than an NMC battery. This typically translates to a bit less range, which is why LFP is used in standard-range variants while long-range versions often use NMC.

You should know which chemistry your car uses because it affects charging habits. LFP batteries benefit from occasional full charges (to 100%) for accurate SoC calibration. NMC batteries are best kept between 20% and 80% for daily use. Check your car's manual or manufacturer website if you are unsure.

Read more at International Energy Agency.

Where you'll see this

• In vehicle specifications

Common confusion

People apply the '80% daily limit' rule to all EVs. This rule is for NMC batteries. LFP batteries should be charged to 100% regularly for better calibration and longevity.

Example

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